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Thus the chemical formula of graphite is C. . Graphene (/ ˈ ɡ r æ f iː n /) is an allotrope of carbon consisting of a single layer of atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice nanostructure. Graphite is simply an allotrope of carbon, and therefore only contains carbon atoms in its chemical formula. Carbon dioxide is essential for internal respiration in a human body. Graphite is not an element or a compound, it's an allotrope of carbon. Chemical Formula Allotropes of Carbon In graphite, unlike diamond each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms as shown in the figure.The hybridization of carbon is and the geometry is trigonal planar. Graphite Among the most finely divided materials known, carbon blacks vary widely in particle size depending on the process by which they are made. The melting and boiling point of carbon is 3652 °C and 4827 °C … It is regularly used in pencils and lubricants. ‘‘This form of carbon should be characterized by a name marking it as a distinct element. It occurs naturally in this form and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions. It has reduced melting point. What Is Carbon Graphite - St. Marys Carbon black amorphous granules or fine powders. Diamond is composed of the single element carbon, and it is the arrangement of the C atoms in the lattice that give diamond its amazing properties. Unlike diamond, graphite is very soft. What is graphite' s chemical formula? The chemical formula for the major component of palm kernel oil is CH3(CH2)14CO2H. Elementary Principles of Chemical Process Elementary Principles of Chemical Process. The answer will appear below; Always use the upper case for the first character in the element name and the lower case for the second character. Carbon and Graphite Products Issue Date (07-20-07) Review Date (06-01-12) Section 1: Product and Company Identification Product Name: Carbon and Graphite Products Synonym: Carbon/Graphite Chemical formula: C Company Name Ted Pella, Inc., P.O. 41. Carbon atoms in graphite are attached to only 3 carbon atoms unlike 4 in diamond. Coal is usually taken as 85% carbon based on dry mass. Methane is a one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms.It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. 7782-42-5 Melting point 1300 ℃ to 3500 ℃ Boiling point 4830 ℃ Density 1.5g/cm --- 2.5g/cm Graphite is a gray black opaque solid with stable chemical properties and corrosion resistance. NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data) Graphite (named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1789, is one of the allotropes of carbon. Unlike diamond, graphite is a conductor, and can be used, for instance, as the material in the electrodes of an electrical arc lamp. Answer has 2 votes. Full PDF Package Download Full PDF Package. In coordination complexes the carbon monoxide ligand is called carbonyl.It is a key ingredient in many processes in industrial … Other Name: Fluorinated Carbon, Carbon Fluoride. Keep in mind these materials use predominately (and many times exclusively) Carbon Fillers and a Carbon precursor Binder. Summary: Carbon and graphite are related substances. The main reason for this relationship is that graphite is an allotrope of carbon. ... Carbon is the most abundant element in the world. ... Carbon exists in many forms by itself or combined with other elements. ... In terms of uses, carbon uses easily outnumber those of graphite. ... The etymologies of both terms also differ. ... Explanation: Graphite is simply an allotrope of carbon, and therefore only contains carbon atoms in its chemical formula. Both diamond and graphite have a very simple chemical composition; they are both pure carbon. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information below. ... Sequence of events leading to the breakup of graphite. (c) its density ranges from 1.9 to 2.3 g/cm 3. Graphite , archaically referred to as plumbago, is a crystalline form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure. Natural flake graphite +895 ( 80 Mesh + 95% Fixed Carbon ) Chemical formula : C HS code 2504101000 CAS 7782-42-5 National standard GB / t3518-2008. I think that if any mineral has carbon in its chemical formula, it must be a carbonate. What are the Chemical Properties of Carbon? Zhejiang Dongxin New Material Technology Co., Ltd. was founded in 1986. -161℃). It belongs to hexagonal crystal system and has a layered structure. What is the chemical formula of diamond and graphite? Each of these carbon atomsare connected to an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom. In 1976, Morinobu Endo of CNRS observed hollow tubes of rolled up graphite sheets synthesised by a chemical vapour-growth technique. graphite, also called plumbago or black lead, mineral consisting of carbon.Graphite has a layered structure that consists of rings of six carbon atoms arranged in widely spaced horizontal sheets. Pure crystalline carbon is found in the form of graphite and diamond. Given data: Molar enthalpy of diamond: h298K(diamond) = 1900 J/mol Molar entropy of graphite and diamond: s298(graphite) = 5.6 J/(Kmol), s298K(diamond) = 2.4 J/(Kmol), Molar volume of graphite and diamond: v298,1atm (graphite) = 6.0 cm3/mol, v298,1atm (diamond) = 3.4 cm3/mol Molar constant pressure heat capacity of graphite and diamond: … After inserting methanol, a slight disturbance immediately appears and gradually returns to a steady state in the i-t curves for those InOF-26-derived carbon nanomaterials ( Fig. Graphite is a soft, crystalline form of elemental carbon. They prepared the best solutions which help the students in understanding the solutions in an easy way. Graphite. Diamond is made up of repeating units of carbon atoms joined to four other carbon atoms via the strongest chemical linkage, covalent bonds. The formula H2O is also the molecular formula of water. In its elemental form, carbon can take various physical forms (known as allotropes) based on the type of bonds between carbon atoms; the most well known … Kazi Sadat. Great conductor of electricity. Carbon and its components are widely distributed in nature. Its atoms arrange themselves in the hexagonal pattern, which is typical for carbon, and thus form a … Due to its high conductivity, it’s useful in electronic products such as electrodes, batteries, and solar panels. The main difference between these two forms of carbon is the number and type of chemical bonds between carbon atoms in each substance. Therefore, the chemical formula of graphite is C. Graphite, like diamond, is an allotrope of carbon. Graphite chemical formula The chemical formula of graphite is C, Molecular weight: 12.01. Under high pressures and temperatures it converts to diamond. The carbon atoms are sp2 hybridized. The carbon-carbon bond length in graphene is ~0.142 nm, and these sheets stack to form graphite with an interplanar spacing of 0.335 nm. This means that the chemical formula for aluminum oxide is simply Al2 O3. Tasteless. Carbon and Graphite Products Issue Date (07-20-07) Review Date (06-01-12) Section 1: Product and Company Identification Product Name: Carbon and Graphite Products Synonym: Carbon/Graphite Chemical formula: C Company Name Ted Pella, Inc., P.O. Graphite is made up of only carbon atoms. Answer: (b) it has a high melting point and slippery layers. As previously stated, Carbon/Graphite and Electrographite Materials are porous after final Heat Treating. There are other exotic allotropes of carbon (graphenes and fullerenes among them) but they are much less common. CAS Number: 51311-17-2. It has a metallic luster. Carbon black changes into graphite if heated at 3,000° C (5,400° F) for a prolonged period. To vary the hardness of pencils, ground graphite may be mixed with varying amounts of china clay. We present the results in a table at the bottom of the molar mass calculator - it will show the count of atoms, the atomic weight of each element, and the molecular weight for the molecule. Graphite is an allotrope of carbon and therefore has a chemical formula of C. In other words, graphite is made only of carbon, therefore its chemical formula is the same as the chemical symbol of ...:::Graphite is very soft, has a low specific gravity, is relatively non-reactive, and has high electrical and thermal conductivity. Carbon fiber (alternately called graphite fiber) is a polymer (made from another polymer, called polyacrylonitrile, by a complicated heating process) which is a form of graphite material consisting of extremely thin fibers about 0.005-0.010 mm in … Other Name: Fluorinated Carbon, Carbon Fluoride. Carbon is one of the few elements known since antiquity. I propose to term it Graphon.’’ Nearly 150 years later, ‘‘graphene’’ would take the physics and chemistry communities by storm. C (s) + O₂ (g) → CO₂ (g) 2C (s) + O₂ (g) → 2CO (g) Reaction with Water - Carbon in the form of Graphite doesn’t react with water in normal conditions. Therefore It's just C. As are other allotropes like Diamond. It is slippery to the touch, a good conductor of electricity and heat, is chemically inert and can withstand high temperatures and corrosive environments. See more Carbon products. Its chemical structure can be expressed by (CFx) n. Where x is an indefinite value, the value is 0 < x < 1.25. The symbol, or chemical formula, for graphite would be "C." Thisis because graphite is completely made of the element carbon. A diamond's chemical formula is simple and is represented by just a "C," as it is made up of the element carbon. It is an enterprise specializing in the development and production of silicon carbide, carbon graphite, hot-pressed graphite series sealing materials and related sealing components.Products are widely used in machinery, metallurgy, chemical industry, petroleum, automobile, pharmaceutical, aerospace … Two students are debating the classification of graphite (chemical formula: C). Chemical formula: C CAS accession No. Graphene is a two-dimensional carbon allotrope. Both diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon. (iv) The molecular formula of compound A is C3H8, i.e. Why is diamond stronger than graphite? These materials can be used as is or be augmented through Impregnation or infiltration of the Material’s porosity with usually a Resin or Metal (Babbitt, Copper, Silver, etc.). The symbol, or chemical formula, for graphite would be "C." This is because graphite is completely made of the element carbon. Graphene is the basic structural element of carbon allotropes such as graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes. It's not an element or compound in it's own right, just an Allotrope [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allotrope ] of carbon. So, you write C (with g... We have achieved significant improvement on the high capacity retention during electro-chemical cycling. 1, Society for Chemical Industries, London, 1978, pp. Carbon Chemical Formula: Calcium Carbonate, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide. Graphite thus crystallizes in the hexagonal system, in contrast to the same element crystallizing in the octahedral or tetrahedral system as diamond.Such dimorphous pairs usually are rather … hue: A color or shade of some color. The estimation is that carbon forms 0,032% of The Earth’s crust. Glucose has the chemical formula`C_6H_12O_6` and is a 6-carbon sugar. The chemical Formula for graphite is C as for Diamond. But there is difference in their structural formula as as shown in picture they differ from... - Graphite and Diamond are surprisingly poly morphs; Minerals with the same chemical structure but do not have the same crystal structure. Soot and diamond are also made up of carbon atoms and have the same chemical symbol, C. Graphite is made up of only carbon atoms. What could you get if you rearranged the carbon atoms of graphite? It is an extremely soft mineral and it breaks into minute, flexible flakes that easily slide over one another. 377–386). It forms as veins and disseminations in metamorphic rocks as the result of the metamorphism of organic material included in limestone deposits. Since Graphite is not an element or a compound it does not have its own symbol or formula. Carbon (atomic symbol: C, atomic number: 6) is a Block P, Group 14, Period 2 element. Graphite fluoride is a kind of graphite intercalation compound prepared by direct reaction of carbon and fluorine. Its chemical structure can be expressed by (CFx) n. Where x is an indefinite value, the value is 0 < x < 1.25. Two students are debating the classification of graphite (chemical formula: C). Carbon is a source of energy. The formula unit for the ionic compound made of strontium and sulfur is SrS, called strontium sulfide. Each carbon atoms are linked by … Description : Flake graphite is a natural crystalline graphite, which is like fish scale. Graphite is made up of only carbon atoms. The density of the carbon atom is 2.2 g.cm-3 at 20°C. Therefore, the chemical formula of graphite is C. It is one of three allotropic (meaning having the same chemical formula but different physical properties) forms of carbon which exist in nature, the other two being coal and diamond. Question 2. BN, like carbon, has multiple structural forms. In commercial black powder preparation, potassium nitrate or another nitrate (e.g., sodium nitrate) usually is coated with graphite (a form of carbon). NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and its Compounds is provided by our experts. Man, I love this particular topic in carbon science, this being my subject of research entices me a lot. See graphite is basically crystalline carb... <= 6600 °F. Each oxygen atom shares a double bond with the carbon atom.Carbon is the sixth element in the periodic table and … Graphite is used in pencilsand lubricants. Chemical compound. S17 and S18). (a) it is a good conductor of electricity. Heat of Formation. Its high … It is nonmetal lic and tetravalent —making four electron s available to form covalent chemical bond s. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table. -Graphite is used in most if not all pencils today. Maximum Service Temperature, Inert. In contrast, cubic BN (cBN) is isoelectronic with diamond. The number of electrons in each of Carbon's shells is 2, 4 and its electron configuration is [He]2s 2 2p 2. In commercial black powder preparation, potassium nitrate or another nitrate (e.g., sodium nitrate) usually is coated with graphite (a form of carbon). The chemical formula of diamond is C which is the chemical symbol for the element carbon. C + H₂O → CO + H₂. Enter an equation of a chemical reaction and click 'Balance'. No, graphite is not a metal. Although is has one characteristic that allows it to have some properties in common. The hybrid [math]sp^{2}-sp^{3}[/m... Chemical Name: … Learn more How Read more… Three-dimensional representation of the turbostratic graphite structure of PAN-based carbon fibre (from S. C. Bennett and D. J. Johnston, ‘Structural heterogeneity in carbon fibers’, Proceedings of the 5th London carbon and graphite conference, Vol. The chemical bonds that hold the carbon atoms in diamonds together are weaker than those in graphite.In diamonds, the bonds form an inflexible three-dimensional lattice, whereas in graphite, the atoms are tightly bonded into sheets, which can slide easily over one another, making the overall structure weaker. It doesn’t have any chemical formula of its own. This something is mineral graphite which is composed of pure carbon. Question 1. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity. From a chemical point of view, an element contained in the substance is a fundamental question, and we represent the elemental composition by a chemical formula, such as H2O for water. This chapters also covers the other topics like oxidation, combustion, addition reaction and substitution reaction, Chapter Name. Its structure looks like this: Answer link. Carbon (from "coal") is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It has carbon, but it doesn't have oxyaen, so it's not a carbonate. Carbon makes up only about 0.025 percent of Earth's crust. Carbon has a valence of four since four electrons can be accepted to fill the 2p orbital. carbon (P−C) bonds between BP and a variety of carbon materials, including graphite (G), graphite oxide (GO), carbon black (CB), and fullerene (C 60)). 5 f). 7 Full PDFs related to this paper. Chemical Formula: C: Oxidation: Combines with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (CO 2) and carbon monoxide (CO) Reactivity: Carbon does not dissolve in, or react with, water or acids: Chains of Atoms: Carbon has the ability to make long strings, or chains, of atoms: Compounds Due to this carbon atoms have a free electron. Graphite is … Carbon is found abundantly next to oxygen in the human body and is the fourth plentifully found the chemical in the entire universe. Chemical Formula: (CFx)n. F/C Ratio: 0.5-1.2. However, 5 of these … Both diamond and graphite are formed by carbon atoms, the difference lies in the manner in which the carbon atoms are bonded to one another. So, A is a saturated hydrocarbon. 0.000 kJ/mol. Student 2: But the word "carbonate" has the word "carbon" in itl I think that if any mineral has carbon in its chemical Pure graphite is a mineral form of the element carbon (element #6, symbol C). Chemical Properties. Free carbon is found in big reservoirs like hard coal, amorphous form of the element with other complex compounds of carbon-hydrogen-nitrogen. Diamond is one form of carbon; the other is graphite. The electronegativity of carbon (EN = 2.55) is too small to allow carbon to form C 4-ions with most metals and too large for carbon to form C 4+ ions when it reacts with nonmetals. The atomic number is carbon is 6. Graphite contains repeating units of carbon atoms. Elementary Principles of Chemical Process. model graphitic system and for various other chemical reactions occurring during the collision of a hyperthermal oxygen atom with a pristine and defective graphene sheet and a diamond slab. Product No. (b) it has a high melting point and slippery layers. Sublimation temperature. Graphite fluoride is a kind of graphite intercalation compound prepared by direct reaction of carbon and fluorine. Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, flammable gas that is slightly less dense than air.Carbon monoxide consists of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom. The chemical formula for the carbohydrate glucose is C6H12O6. Both have chemical formula, yet they do not have a molecular formula. This Paper. When carbon atoms form a The organic matter can not, of course, simply vanish (well, it can if it transforms into oil and gas and escapes the rock). It can be prepared artificially by heating a mixture of sand and coke in electrical furnace about 3300 K. In graphite, the carbon atoms are sp 2 hybridized. a = 2.464, c = 6.736, Z = 4; V = 35.42 Den (Calc)= 2.25. The atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 g.mol-1 The Electronegativity is 2.5. The ideal graphite structure is shown in Figure 1-5. Is graphite a element or compound? The chemical formula of diamond is C which is the chemical symbol for the element carbon. It may be earthy, granular, or compact. Carbon a chemical compound with atomic number 6. All we can do is write its empirical formula, which is C. YouTube. It is just C but it is one of the allotropes for carbon carbon have several allotropes like diamond, coal……. The differences is the structure of th... Download Download PDF. Bond energy is the amount of energy required to break a chemical bond. -On the Mohs Hardness Scale graphite is a 1 or a 2, so it is considered a soft mineral. Each carbon atom is in a rigid tetrahedral network where it is equidistant from its neighboring carbon atoms. 3650 °C. Chemical Formula: (CFx)n. F/C Ratio: 0.5-1.2. activated carbon - NatureOpen Data Verified Data. Graphite (/ ˈɡræfaɪt /), archaically referred to as plumbago, is a crystalline form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure. It occurs naturally in this form and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions. Under high pressures and temperatures it converts to diamond. Odorless. hBN can also be produced in graphene-like sheets that can be formed into nanotubes. However, graphite is an element and not a … Diamond is trans-formed to graphite above 1500°C (Figure 1-4). A short summary of this paper. Product No. A molecule of the compound carbon dioxide contains one atom of the element carbon and two atoms of the element oxygen. It has to transform into something else. This helps prevent electrostatic charge build-up, reducing the chance a stray spark will prematurely ignite the mixture. Compare the structure of diamond and graphite, both composed of just carbon. A diamond consists of a giant three-dimensional network of carbon atoms. I think that graphite belongs in the "Other" category. The element carbon occurs in different forms in nature with widely varying physical properties. The best-known forms of carbon are diamond and graphite. graphite and diamond. -It is mainly composed of Carbon. Box 492477, Redding, CA 96049-2477 Structure of Graphite. Carbon dioxide and health. Cyclooctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonayne or cyclo [18]carbon is an allotrope of carbon with molecular formula C. 18. Graphene is a flat one-atom thick sheet of sp2 carbon atoms densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice structure. Properties of graphite: Graphite. Download scientific diagram | Stable form of carbon Fig. Diamond and graphite are both giant covalent substances made entirely of carbon atoms. Both have chemical formula , but they do not have a molecula... What is in diamond? Graphite What is, Chemical Formula, The Symbol of Graphene, Mouser Supercapacitor & Graphitic Oxide. <= 3650 °C. Chemical Makeup. Since Graphite is not an element or a compound it does not have its own symbol or formula. It is just an allotrope of carbon like Diamond, Fulleren... Graphite is the crystalline allotropic form of carbon occurs in free state in nature. BN’s most stable structure, hBN (shown), is isoelectronic with graphite and has the same hexagonal structure with similar softness and lubricant properties. Under certain circumstances, the given reaction becomes possible and forms water gas which is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas. No. Graphite is an allotrope of carbon. Allotropes are different ways atoms of an element can be arranged. For example in graphite, carbon atoms ar... It solves for total mass of a molecular formula (average molecular weight). Carbon is capable of forming three naturally occurring allotropes: amorphous carbon, graphite and diamond. These impregnants are used to: 1. The structure of graphite is as follows: In graphite, unlike diamond each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms as shown in the figure. The chemical bonds that hold the carbon atoms in diamonds together are weaker than those in graphite.In diamonds, the bonds form an inflexible three-dimensional lattice, whereas in graphite, the atoms are tightly bonded into sheets, which can slide easily over one another, making the overall structure weaker. It is the basic structural element for graphite, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes.Graphene samples are available as nanoflakes on Si / SiO 2 substrate wafers.Each layer is monoatomically thin with a thickness of ~0.34nm, though it is possible to produce … The structure of graphite consists of a succession of layers parallel to the basal plane of hexagonally linked carbon atoms. Graphite is like diamond, It is a form of native carbon crystalline with its atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure that is opaque and dark gray to black.It occurs as hexagonal crystals, flexible sheets, scales, or large masses. It has a role as a fossil fuel, a member of greenhouse gas and a bacterial metabolite. Nanotubes, diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon, and the chemical formula can be expressed by "C". (d) it is strong and soft. The chemical formula of coal is reported as: C 135 H 96 O 9 NS. The table below gives a formula and the carbon-nitrogen bond energy for selected nitrogen compounds. Warning: this large pop-up is very compute intensive and may not work well with some computers. Each chemical substance has a specific chemical composition, so these chemical substances have their own chemical formula. Graphite What is, Chemical Formula, The Symbol of Graphene, Mouser Supercapacitor & Graphitic Oxide. At temperatures > 2200 C (3990 F) amorphous or disordered Carbon condenses and reorganizes into the basel planes of Graphite-like structures. Graphite is a big covalent structure with each carbon atom joined with three other carbon atoms with covalent bonds. A single layer of carbon atoms arranged in such a honeycomb structure forms a single graphene sheet. Graphite is widely used for many applications because of its unique combination of properties. Therefore, the chemical formula of graphite is C. As a result, diamond is the ultimate abrasive, whereas graphite is an excellent lubricant. 2. Coal is usually taken as 85% carbon based on dry mass. Soot and graphite are also made up of carbon atoms and have the same chemical symbol, C. So what's the difference between soot, graphite and diamond if they are all made up of the same carbon atoms? 2 Graphite molecular structure Fig. Typical commercial Graphitization cycles run to 2450 C (4400 F) to 3,000 C (5400 F). Carbon is a non-metal and the 15 th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. The chemical symbol for Carbon is C. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. Due to its high conductivity, it’s useful in electronic products such as electrodes, batteries, and solar panels. Box 492477, Redding, CA 96049-2477 This formula implies that the water molecules consist of 2 hydrogen, and 1 oxygen atoms. Yet diamond is the hardest mineral known to man (10 on the Mohs scale), and graphite is one of the softest (less than 1 on the Mohs scale). Graphene: structure and shape. Graphite cloth is stable in vacuum and inert atmospheres approaching this temperature. Graphite. No they are not. Carbon is an element. Graphite is an allotrope of carbon. This means that graphite is made entirely of carbon arranged in a partic... This material with an ideal chemical formula of C 8 O 2 (OH) 2 (Wang and Pan, 2004) has been investigated since the 1850s by chemists but has not been studied as a filler for composite materials due to its insulating nature, as opposed to the graphite-derived conducting micro- … The first specimens observed would later come to be known as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Each carbon atom is sp 2 hybridized. From there we break the formula for graphite into parts - a Carbon atom, etc. A. Diamond and graphite are both large covalent materials made totally of carbon atoms. It has carbon, but it doesn't have oxygen, so it's not a carbonate. That’s 2 aluminum atoms for every 3 oxygen atoms. The formula for china clay is Al2Si2O5 (OH)4. thanked the writer. Graphite is a naturally occurring modification of carbon (chemical formula: C). The earth’s crust has only 0.02% carbon in the form of minerals. C, the lead in a pencil is graphite, a pure form of carbon. While the molecular formula of compounds B and C is C5HJ() and C4H6 which resembles the general formula of alkene and alkyne. It is the sixth element in the periodic table having the configuration of 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 In effect, a diamond is one giant molecule. graphite: Like diamond, graphite (the substance found in pencil lead) is a form of pure carbon. Read Paper. It is composed of carbon atoms positioned in a hexagonal design, which can be said to resemble a chicken wire. Graphite … Buckminsterfullerene is the chemical compound with the formula C60. After the stability test, it still maintains the morphology of ultrathin carbon nanosheets and clearly graphite-carbon lattice fringes (Figs. It is the 4 th most abundant element by mass after hydrogen, helium and oxygen in the universe.
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