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Here’s what we can say about James son of Alphaeus. What we do know is this: as one of the Twelve, James son of Alphaeus certainly held an important role in the early church, and he likely played a key part in spreading the gospel somewhere in ancient Eurasia. This is the Greek form of the given name rendered “Jacob” in the Old Testament. And he calls Matthew the tax collector from his tax booth. If he is Jesus’ brother, then he was “sent” to Jerusalem, where he led the church. And if that weren’t enough: the lists of disciples explicitly call Simon Peter and Andrew brothers, and James and John brothers, but they make no mention of any association between Matthew and James son of Alphaeus.And unfortunately, no one named Alphaeus is ever mentioned again, so there’s no way to tell if these are two different Alphaeuses.If Matthew and James were brothers, and James son of Alphaeus was also James, brother of Jesus, then would that make Matthew the brother of Jesus, too? Other than being listed as a disciple, nothing else is known about James the son of Alphaeus. Mary also had a son named Joses (Joseph). Who Was Herod? These parallel passages list women who were at the foot of the cross when Jesus died. The moniker is ambiguous, but it’s clearly intended to distinguish this James from James son of Zebedee, who was one of the most prominent disciples. James the son of Alphaeus (literally, Jacobos, [he] of Alphaeus) was one of the twelve Apostles of Jesus, appearing by this name in the lists in the first three Gospels. The Beginner’s Guide. Life Lessons . Unfortunately, the text doesn’t explicitly tell us, and thus we can’t say for sure how James the Just is Jesus’ brother or if that James is the same person as James son of Alphaeus. Saints similar to or like James, son of Alphaeus One of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, appearing under this name in all three of the Synoptic Gospels' lists of the apostles. In the wonderful ongoing experience of studying the gospel of Matthew, we have come to chapter 10. Did Mary and Joseph have more kids? The name is repeated in the list of the eleven disciples in Jerusalem in the Book of Acts. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The James (Iakovos) commemorated on October 23rd is the third of these three, the Brother of the Lord. The Greek form of the Aramaic name is Cleophas. James son of Zebedee wouldn’t have been described as “the Lord’s brother,” and by this point he’d already been martyred, so by default, Paul would be referring to James son of Alphaeus. One of the James’ was called “James, son of Alphaeus” and another James called “James the Just” who became the patron saint of Spain and Portugal, although that is extra-biblical (or outside of biblical evidence). The remaining five are unclear, however (4) James the son of Alphaeus (one of the Twelve), (5) James the less, son of Mary and Clophas, (6) James the brother of Joses/Joseph, (7) James, the father of Judas (one of the Twelve Luke 6:16), and finally (8) James the brother of Jesus. But there are three people named James in the New Testament, and plenty of people in the Bible were known by multiple names or had multiple monikers. We create research-based articles and handy infographics to help people understand the Bible. Some have also argued that he’s the Apostle Matthew’s brother. by Ryan Nelson | Sep 11, 2019 | Bible characters. He is traditionally identified with James the Less and James the brother of Jesus, but modern scholars dispute this. Though arguments can be made to identify some of the other Jameses, the son of Alphaeus was set apart in the lists as having a father, or at the very least heritage related to a man named Alphaeus. To explain this, Jerome first tells that James the Less must be identified with James, the son of Alphaeus. He is the second James in the list, sharing a name with James, the brother of John. This scenario seems to indicate that Matthew’s relatives were among the “sinners” at his house[8] when he gave up his post as a tax collector. These cookies do not store any personal information. The apostle James ( the son of Alphaeus), who is also called "Less" or "Younger," was a brother of the apostle Matthew and the son of Mary. If this is the case, then James of Alphaeus was probably the “James the less” who was the son of the Mary [1] elsewhere designated as the mother of “James and Joses” [2] and the wife of a man named “Cleophas [3].” The designation of “son of Alphaeus” is also used when referring to the tax collector Levi who seems to be also known as Matthew, the tax collector and apostle of Jesus. This name is a Greek form of the Hebrew Heleph, a place name meaning “exchange[9]." Many modern scholars are more hesitant to make these associations, but one distinction is absolutely clear: James son of Alphaeus is not the same person as James son of Zebedee, one of Jesus’ closest disciples who was martyred in Acts 12:2. The Mary described as James’ mother in Mark 15:40, Mark 16:1, Matthew 27:56, and Luke 24:10, is believed to be Mary of Clopas in John 19:25. If he were, then we also have to piece together how James son of Alphaeus and Mary (which was a very common name) is “the brother” of Jesus, who was the son of Mary and Joseph (and God). He saw numerous demonstrations of Jesus’ divinity. In this guide we’ll cover the facts and the ambiguities, looking at what the Bible says and what the church has concluded. He is the second James in the list, sharing a name with James, the brother of John. And the Bible treats these pairs of brothers differently than Matthew and James. A young son of James Alphaeus is not out of the question, but likely, this Judas, listed as Lebbeus (called Thaddaeus)[5], was in the same age range as the other disciples. And in the end, maybe that’s all that matters. James the Less is as obscure and unknown as James son of Alphaeus, so little if anything is gained by their association. Philip called Nathanael (the Bartholomew of the list) and then after a few miracles, the account of the feeding of the five thousand men and their families becomes an anchor for the chronologies. Tradition says that James, son of Alphaeus, evangelized in Persia (modern-day Iran) and was martyred there. If we connect James son of Alphaeus with James the Just (the brother of Jesus), then tradition tells us that he was pushed from the pinnacle of a temple, where he was preaching, and then beaten with a fuller’s club and stoned to death. A third James appears in the New Testament. But James, son of Alphaeus is an equally enigmatic character, and we can’t say for sure whether he’s the same person as James the Just, the brother of Jesus. Since there was a “James the Less,” it can be safely assumed there was a “James the Greater.” Of the two Jameses, James, son of Zebedee was the better known. Paul doesn’t refer to this James as “the Lord’s brother” again, and he doesn’t introduce any other distinction from other Jameses. James son of Alphaeus is traditionally identified as James the Less and James the brother of Jesus. James son of Alphaeus was one of the twelve main disciples of Jesus Christ. Mark the Evangalist only mentions a James, son of Alphaeus only once and this is in his list of the 12 Apostles Mark 3:16–19. Which Mary is not altogether certain though she seems to be the wife of one Cleopas (Cleophas), which may have been another or second name for Alphaeus. But the Bible doesn’t tell us he was. Here, Paul describes him as a pillar of the church, along with Peter and John: “James, Cephas and John, those esteemed as pillars, gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship when they recognized the grace given to me. However, most members of the Twelve were martyred, so it would be surprising if one of the least known disciples simply died of old age, like John. But the two were never referred to as brothers, whereas Peter and Andrew, and James (a different James) and John, were consistently referred to as being brothers. Andrew called his brother Peter and the next day Jesus called Philip. Levi the tax collector is the same person as Matthew the apostle. One of the key arguments for why James the Less should be identified with James son of Alphaeus depends on whether or not you consider him an apostle, and how you define apostle. James, son of Alphaeus was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, appearing under this name in all three of the Synoptic Gospels' lists of the apostles. James, son of Alphaeus (Ἰάκωβος, Iakōbos in Greek) (Hebrew: יעקב בן חלפי , Ya'akov Ben Halfai) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, appearing under this name in all three of the Synoptic Gospels' lists of the apostles. The Hebrew, יעקב, traditionally transliterated Ya’aqob, is formed from the root word עקב, `aqab , meaning “heel” and thus the verb, "to grab the heel." With this being the case, the Apostles were commissioned from among the disciples that were with Jesus after the calling of Levi[7], known also as Matthew. If these are all references to the same James, that would make James son of Alphaeus the author of the Book of James and one of the three men Paul called “pillars” of the church. Even if Levi is not the brother of James, it is probable that another of the apostles was. It’s unclear if “of Clopas” means she was married to Clopas or the daughter of Clopas. However, the tradition which claims James son of Alphaeus preached in Egypt says he was crucified in the city of Ostrakine. Paul mentions him in Galatians 1:19, while describing a visit to Jerusalem: “I saw none of the other apostles—only James, the Lord’s brother.”, Some argue that by including this James as one of the apostles, Paul is identifying him as James son of Alphaeus, because “apostles” usually referred to the Twelve. JAMES (SON OF ALPHAEUS), ST. One of the 12 Apostles. This is the same death tradition ascribes to James, brother of Jesus, but scholars have little reason to trust On the Twelve Apostles of Christ. The text wasn’t discovered until the nineteenth century, and most believe it’s pseudepigrapha (writing that falsely claims to be written by someone). Traditionally, it was assumed Alphaeus was married to Mary, the daughter of Clopas, but some scholars argue that Alphaeus and Clopas are the same person. James and Judas then joined the disciples and were among those commissioned to be apostles. And there’s a decent link between James the Less and James the brother of Jesus: Jesus had brothers named James and Joseph (see Mark 6:3 and Matthew 13:55), and James the less has a brother named Joseph (Mark 15:40). He is listed before Judas Thadeus in those same lists. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. James the son of Alphaeus (literally, Jacobos, [he] of Alphaeus) was one of the twelve Apostles of Jesus, appearing by this name in the lists in the first three Gospels. This Judas -- the “Judas, not Iscariot” of John’s account -- is said to be “of James.” It seems that the brothers are listed together, for the most part. But other than Jerome’s inference that Paul would only call him an apostle if he were one of the Twelve, there’s no solid evidence that this James is also James son of Alphaeus. It could mean he was younger, shorter, or less significant. James the son of Alphaeus should be distinguished from both James the son of Zebedee (James the Elder) and James the brother of the Lord (James the Less, or the Younger), who was also the first bishop of Jerusalem and is numbered among the Seventy Apostles. The son of Alphaeus, or Cleopas, "the brother" or near kinsman or cousin of our Lord (Galatians 1:18, 19), called James "the Less," or "the Little," probably because he was of low stature. Or, as Jerome argues, “brother” could’ve meant cousin—maybe. Luke 5:27 And after these things he went forth, and saw a publican, named Levi, sitting at the receipt of custom: and he said unto him, Follow me. James was also called "James the Less" and "James the Younger." “James son of Alphaeus” is only explicitly mentioned in the four lists of disciples. At that time the apostles were all there. Because the Apostle Matthew also is the son of a man named Alphaeus, it has been thought that he and James were brothers. St. James the Less, also called James, son of Alphaeus, or James the Younger, (flourished 1st century ce; Western feast day May 3; Eastern feast day October 9), one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Jerome also identified James, the brother of Jesus, with the Apostle James, son of Alphaeus and thus supposed that Mary of Clopas was married to Alphaeus. But he is one of the Twelve. So it’s safer not to assume they are the same. The Apostle James, son of Alphaeus, was also known as James the Less or James the Lesser. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. James may be he whose mother, Mary (not the mother of Jesus), is mentioned among the women at Jesus’ crucifixion and tomb (Mark 15:40, 16:1; Matthew 27:56). It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. Moses: The Old Testament’s Greatest Prophet, Who Was King Solomon? This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. James, brother of Jesus, also known as James the Just, was the leader of the church in Jerusalem and is the traditional author of James. Still, even if Jude was the brother of a different James than the one he’s listed beside, we’d expect the word for brother to be used. Wait… There Were How Many Herods?! We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Jesus calls Andrew, Peter, James, and John while they’re tending to their fishing boats. It is possible that James, son of Alphaeus, is the James called the less/younger in Mark 15:40.Regardless of whether he is the James mentioned there, he has often in church history been called “James the Less” to distinguish him from James, son of Zebedee (James “the Great”). The word less should be understood to mean “little” or “younger.” Some Bible versions call him “James the Younger,” but the word may also imply smallness of stature or a lesser importance. All of the apostles were sent to be missionaries somewhere. James the Less is identified with James the brother of Jesus.Jerome concluded that James "the brother of the Lord" is the same as James the Less. But Joseph, who phases out of the gospel narrative after Jesus’ childhood, could have divorced Mary, remarried, and had other children. They agreed that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcised.” —Galatians 2:9. Paul continued in Galatians 2, recounting a second visit to Jerusalem, where the Council of Jerusalem took place to discuss whether Gentile believers would have to follow the Law of Moses. Some scholars believe the fact that the gospel writers used “the Lesser” here implies there were only two Jameses they needed to distinguish between, and Jerome and other early Christian writers were quick to identify James the Less as James son of Alphaeus and James, the brother of Jesus (although Jerome and others argued “brothers” must’ve meant “cousins,” to maintain the perpetual virginity of Mary). So it’s possible that this James is also another James, which would give us more passages to go on and more early Christian writings to reference. [9] This view finds support in a fragment found in a medieval manuscript, which lists four Maries mentioned in the gospels and bears the inscription " Papia " on the margin. Among experts, the question of the identity of these two figures with the same name, James son of Alphaeus and James "the brother of the Lord", … He is mentioned along with the other apostles ( Matthew 10:3 ; Mark 3:18 ; Luke 6:15 ). These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. James the Brother of God was the son of Joseph the Betrothed from his first marriage or the son of Kleopas, brother of Joseph. In every list of the disciples, James son of Alphaeus and Matthew, son of Alphaeus are never grouped together like the other brothers. In the list of apostles in Luke's account there is a “Judas [brother] of James [4].” Context within the list, though not conclusive, provides a logical link to the son of Alphaeus as the relative. In the three Gospels the apostles are grouped in three groups of four: James of Alphaeus is in the “outer circle” of the three along with his brother Judas Thadeus. James the son of Alphaeus was a witness to Jesus' years of ministry on earth and His resurrection. The Church commemorates the Apostle James on October 9, and on June 30 with the Synaxis of the Glorious and All-Praiseworthy Twelve Apostles of Christ. The form in English Bibles came by way of the Latin Iacomus (the Hebrew "b" sound being replaced by a phonetically similar "m"), and finally shortened, with a loss of the “k” sound altogether, to Jamus, and then “James.” (See main “Jacob” for more on this word.). So unfortunately, the ambiguities and unknowns surrounding James son of Alphaeus prevent us from being certain how or where he died. Yikes.Most scholars don’t take this possibility very seriously. He’s never mentioned in the Gospel of John, but John never explicitly lists all the apostles. Of those twelve, three disciples (Peter, James, and John) seem to have been the closest to Jesus and acted as an “inner circle” to Christ. This site uses cookies to analyze traffic and ensure you get the best experience. Logos Bible Software 9 review: Do you REALLY need it? Mark 3:18 refers to James as the “son of Alphaeus.” So: Levi might be the brother of James (which is a helpful data point, but doesn’t solve the problem). And while the church and many modern scholars take Jerome’s assertion for granted, some are more critical. The name is repeated in the list of the eleven disciples in Jerusalem in the Book of Acts. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. Join our email list, and we’ll send you some of our best free resources—plus we’ll tell you whenever we make something new. This means James son of Alphaeus was one of the people who was closest to Jesus, and that he spent about three years living with him, witnessing his miracles, and hearing his teachings. An ancient tradition has identified this James with James the Less of Mk 15.40; 16.1; Mt 27.56; Lk 24.10. This leads to the conclusion that the son of Alphaeus was “the Less.”. The identification of James (3), the brother of the Lord and James (4), the son of Mary, and probably of Cleophas or Clopas offers some difficulty. In all four lists of the Apostles (Mt 10.3; Mk 3.18; Lk 6.15; and Acts 1.13) he is mentioned in ninth place, before Thaddeus in Matthew and Mark, before Simon in Luke and Acts. (Unless Paul used the title apostle for more than just members of the Twelve, as he appears to do in 1 Corinthians 15:5–8.). He possibly had a brother named Judas (“Jude” or his Hebrew name “Judah”). So the synoptic gospels all describe this Mary as the mother of James (and Joseph, according to Matthew and Mark), and the Gospel of John calls her Mary of Clopas and describes her as the sister of Mary, Jesus’ mother. Levi is said to be “of Alphaeus,” and James of Alphaeus appears to have been among the outliers in the third group of four among the twelve. (Most likely, Levi either indicated Matthew was from the tribe of Levi, or Matthew was simply his Greek name.). Scripture doesn’t make these connections explicit, and while it’s certainly possible, the early church doesn’t offer much more clarity. But we can be confident he was sent to spread the gospel somewhere. Mark the Evangelist is the earliest known source in the bible to mention James, son of Alphaeus as one of the twelve Apostles if the two-source hypothesis is true. James son of Alphaeus doesn’t get this kind of attention. Two other men named James appear in the New Testament: James, the son of Alphaeus, another of Christ's chosen apostles; and James, the brother of the Lord, a leader in the Jerusalem church and author of the book of James. James, son of Alphaeus, is also called “James the Less” (Mark 15:40). Mark 2:14 has an interesting detail that some … Peter, Andrew, James and John (Mark has Andrew last); Philip, Nathanael Bartholomew, Levi Matthew and Thomas (Matthew lists “self” last) ; James Alphaeus, Judas Thadeus (“of James”), Simon Zealotes (the “Canaanite”) and Judas Iscariot. Turn in your Bible with me to the tenth chapter of Matthew, Matthew chapter 10. Because the Apostle Matthew also is the son of a man named Alphaeus, it has been thought that he and James were brothers. If he is an apostle, he must be the son of Alphæus and a believer in Jesus, ‘For neither did his brethren believe in him.’, “The only conclusion is that the Mary who is described as the mother of James the Less was the wife of Alphæus and sister of Mary the Lord’s mother, the one who is called by John the Evangelist ‘Mary of Clopas’.”. James the Less, also referred to as the Lesser, the Younger, the Little, and the Minor, is mentioned four times in the gospels, always in relation to his mother, Mary, whom John refers to as Mary of Clopas in John 19:25. He is often identified with James the Less and commonly known by that name in church tradition. The New Testament lists all twelve apostles four times—Matthew 10:2–4, Mark 3:14–19, Luke 6:13–16, and Acts 1:13–16. Matthew and Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon called Zelotes, Matthew. The early church unanimously connected James, brother of Jesus to James, the leader of the early church. But the two were never referred to as brothers, whereas Peter and Andrew, and James (a different James) and John, were consistently referred to as being brothers. James (Jacob) was born to Alphaeus (Cheleph/Cleophas) and Mary somewhere in the Roman Province of Galilee during the reign of Augustus Caesar. James James the son of Alphaeus (literally, Jacobos, [he] of Alphaeus) was one of the twelve Apostles of Jesus, appearing by this name in the lists in the first three Gospels. Even though the Book of Acts and the epistles never describe James son of Alphaeus’ ministry, he would’ve been one of the most important leaders of the early church. The name is repeated in the list of the eleven disciples in Jerusalem in the Book of Acts. He was the brother of Jesus, a leader in the Jerusalem church, and writer of the book of James . https://bible.wikia.org/wiki/James_(Son_of_Alphaeus)?oldid=26911. Just how important, though, depends on if he can be identified with any of the other Jameses. He was the brother of the holy Evangelist Matthew. He's not to be confused with James the Apostle, the first Apostle and the brother of Apostle John. The lists of the assigning the office of Apostle fall in different places in the Gospels. Other than the name of his father, the only concrete fact of his life that remains is his close association with Jesus Christ. He is the second James in the list, sharing a name with James, the brother of John. The Apostle James was the brother of the Apostle John and James was the first apostle martyred, probably around 44 AD. Technically, the moniker “the Less” is only used once, in Mark 15:40, but early Christians used it widely to distinguish which James they were referring to. James isn’t the only disciple who is described as “son of Alphaeus.” Mark 2:14 identifies Levi the tax collector as the son of a man named Alphaeus, too. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Many early Christians reserved the title for members of the Twelve, or the Seventy, but it technically just means “one who is sent,” and has been applied to other early Christians. However, Luke, the writer of the gospel to Theophilus[6], made it clear that his was a careful chronological account. James of Alphaeus is listed after Philip, Bartholomew and Matthew in all the lists. In Acts, James presided over this council. James is always listed as “son of Alphaeus,” but Matthew never is. “Levi” might be another name for “James.” (Some manuscripts read “James” instead of “Levi” here, but that is almost certainly a later reading.) He was empowered by the Holy Spirit and a leader in the early church alongside the other apostles. Here’s what Jerome suggests in The Perpetual Virginity of the Blessed Mary: “Do you intend the comparatively unknown James the Less, who is called in Scripture the son of Mary, not however of Mary the mother of our Lord, to be an apostle, or not? Although the Bible does not explicitly state it, my understanding is that Alphaeus the father of James is often interpreted as being the same person as Clopas (or Cleophas), who is mentioned as being the husband of Mary, the mother of James, who was one of the women present at Jesus' crucifixion (Mark 15:40; John 19:25). The name rendered “James” in the English is a translation of the Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iakōbos). That group comprised Simon Peter, Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Simon the Zealot, Judas son of James, and Judas Iscariot. The New Testament only mentions him in the four lists of disciples, and always toward the end, indicating he was less important than the others. Some of the disciples’ callings receive special attention in the gospels. So who was James son of Alphaeus, and what do we know about him? Since there was a “James the Less,” it can be safely assumed there … After them are two radicals, Simon the Canaanite and Judas Iscariot. There are at least two sets of brothers among the Twelve: Peter and Andrew, and James and John, the sons of Zebedee. He may have had a brother by the name of Levi, called Matthew, who became a tax collector for Rome. There’s really not much we can say about James son of Alphaeus without assuming he was also the brother of Jesus. In either case, these assumptions led to Jerome’s conclusion that all three Jameses: James the Less, James son of Alphaeus, and James, brother of Jesus are the same person. Kontakion of Apostle James, Son of Alphaeus Fourth Tone. This likely means he’s discussing the same James (though it’s also possible that the James in 2:9 was so well-known that it would’ve been obvious who Paul meant). There’s no way to be sure where he went. While there are some variations in the order the apostles appear and even the names they went by, James son of Alphaeus is listed in all of them. The wondrous fisherman that caught in the nations, James, the most ven'rable of Jesus' disciples, and the companion of the apostolic choir, doth dispense unto the world the great wealth of his healings, freeing from adversities them that … But if James son of Alphaeus can be identified as James, the brother of Jesus, suddenly we learn a lot more about the role he played in the early church. The New Testament only mentions him in the four lists of disciples, and always toward the end, indicating he was less important than the others. In art, James son of Alphaeus is typically portrayed with a fuller’s club, reflecting the church’s assumption that he was the same person as James the Just. James Or Africa. James (Iakovos) commemorated on October 9 is the second of these three, James the Less, son of Alphaeus. It doesn’t tell us anything about him as an individual. He may be a brother of Levi (or Matthew), who is called a son of Alphaeus in Mark 2:14. But the Orthodox chronicler Nikephoros suggests James son of Alphaeus wound up in Egypt, in the ancient city of Ostrakine (Historia Ecclesiastica II:40). Despite Jerome’s certainty, that is not the only conclusion. Catholics give that a HARD “No.” Same with Mary having kids with another man. But since the church has often assumed that James son of Alphaeus, James the Less, and James, brother of Jesus were all the same people, where James son of Alphaeus went gets a little fuzzy. Never is we should go to the Gentiles james, son of alphaeus and Simon called Zelotes, Matthew website uses cookies to traffic... Two radicals, Simon the Canaanite and Judas Iscariot mean he was the Less '' and James! They are the same person as Matthew the Apostle Matthew ’ s brother the tribe of,... Us analyze and understand how you use this website uses cookies to your! Three, James, the ambiguities and unknowns surrounding James son of Alphaeus, and to! S what we can say about James son of Alphaeus brothers differently Matthew... Was also called `` James the brother of Jesus list of the John. James the Less, son of Alphaeus go to the circumcised. ” —Galatians 2:9 this. Church, and Acts 1:13–16 named Judas ( “ Jude ” or his Hebrew name “ Judah ”.! In Persia ( modern-day Iran ) and was martyred there ” but Matthew never is tending to their fishing.. First tells that James the Less must be identified with any of the Apostle Matthew ’ s all matters. Differently than Matthew and James the son of Alphaeus was one of the 12 apostles on 23rd! List of the Apostle John don ’ t tell us anything about him an. But Matthew never is not much we can be confident he was sent to spread the gospel of,... 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